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DAR-UL-ULUM DEOBAND FATWA ON THE SHIA Are Shias Kafir or not?

DAR-UL-ULUM DEOBAND FATWA ON THE SHIA

Question Number:600387

Are Shias Kafir or not?

What is the ruling, according to the Ulama-e-Deoband regarding this matter, are the Shia Kafir or not?

 Answer number:600387 

 Fatwa:151-148/B-03/1442

The beliefs found in the books of the Ithna Ashariyyah Shia, these beliefs are in conflict with the foundational (Islamic) beliefs and the clear definite text of the Qur'an. Therefore, majority of the scholars, including the 'Ulama-e- Deoband classify them as Kafir and Murtad.

For example:

  1.  they believe in Tahrif-ul-Qur'an
  2.   they believe their twelve Imams to be infallible, they say that it is binding to believe in them and if someone does not believe in them, he or she will not be a Mu'min. The status given to the Imams is higher than that of the Ambiya' They believe that the Imams have been given knowledge of everything in the past and of the future too.
  3. They deny the sahabi status of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr( رضی اللہ عنہ) whereas his companionship is established in the Qur'an.
  4.  They say that Sayyidah Ayesha (رضی اللہ عنہا)is adulterous, whereas an entire Ruku' in the Qur'an was revealed was revealed declaring her innocence.
  5. They believe in the divinity of Sayyiduna Ali (رضی اللہ عنہ)

All of these beliefs clash with the Qur'an and are against the foundational beliefs of Islam. Therefore, the early and latter day scholars all state that they (the Shia) are out of the fold of Islam and are Kāfir and Murtad.

In 1974, Maulana Abdul-Shakoor wrote a fatwa stating them as Kāfir and Murtad and all the Ulama of India and Pakistan signed it. Thirty-five years ago, in 1407, Maulana Manzur Ahmad Nu'mani posed the question to Muhaddith e Jalil Maulana Habib-ur-Rahman Azmi. He wrote a fatwa in which he declared them (the Shia) as Kāfir and Murtad. All the 'Ulama-e- Deoband signed it.

Amongst the early day scholars, Imam Malik (رحمہ اللہ),Ibn Hazm Andalusi (رحمہ اللہ), Qadi Iyad (رحمہ اللہ), Ibn Taymiyyah Hanbali (رحمہ اللہ), Ibn Humam (رحمہ اللہ), Mulla Ali Qari (رحمہ اللہ)have written them as Kafir and Murtad. This is also written in Fatawa Alamgiri and Fatawa Shami.

And Allah Ta'ala knows best

 Dar-ul-Ifta, Dar-ul-'Ulum Deoband